Active and Passive Voice

Voice- To express feeling or emotions.

              Subject = Active

                Object = Passive

* Active Voice (AV) 

* Passive Voice (PV)

* Helping Verb (HV)

* Main Verb (MV)

Av = Subject + Verb + Object

Pv = Object+ Helping verb + Main verb 3rd form+ by +Subject

       Present Indefinite Tense

Av = Sub+m.v Ist form+s,es+obj

Pv = Obj+is,am,are(hv)+m.v 3rd form+by+sub

Example;

i) My mother loves me.

-  I am loved by my mother.

ii) He writes a letter.

- A letter is written by him.

iii) Rajni celebrates her birthday.

- Her birthday is celebrated by Rajni.

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     Object                  Subject

       Me             -             I

       We            -             Us

       You           -             You

       He             -             His

       She           -             Her

       They         -            Them

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    Present Indefinite Negative

Av= sub+ do/does+ not+mv 1st form+ Obj

Pv= Obj+ is/am/are+ not+ mv 3rd form + by+ sub.

Example;

i) Rahul does not read Hindi

- Hindi is not read by Rahul.

ii) Teachers do not punish students nowadays

- Students are not punished by teacher nowadays.

iii) I do not water plants everyday.

- Plants are not watered by me everyday.

iv) She does not like books

-  Books are not liked by her.

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* Present Indefinite Interrogation.

Av= Do/Does+ sub+ mv st form+ Obj?

PV= Is/am/are+ Obj+ mv 3rd form by+ sub?

Example;

i) Do you play pubg?

- Is pubg played by you?

ii) Does she wash your clothes?

- Are your clothes washed by her?

iii) Do you give food to the begger?

- Is food given to the beggar by you?

iv) Does your mother give you money?

- Are you given money by your mother.

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   * Present Continuous Tense

Affirmative

Av= sub+ is/am/are+ mv 1st form+ ing+ obj

Pv= obj+ is/am/are+ being+ mv 3rd form+ by+ sub

Negative

Av= Sub+ is/am/are+ not+ mv 1st form+ ing + obj

Pv= Obj+ is/am/are+ not+ being+ mv 3rdrd form+ by+ sub

Interrogative

Av= is/am/are+ sub+ mv 1st form+ ing+ Obj?

Pv= is/am/are+ Obj+ being+ mv 3rd form+ by+ sub?

RULE =  The sentences, having intransitive verbs, cannot be converted into passive voice..

Example

i) Ravi is playing cricket.

- Cricket is being played by Ravi.

ii) Are you teaching the students?

- Are the students being taught by you?

iii) He is not beating Kunal.

- Kunal is not been bitten by him.

iv) Why are you not celebrating your birthday?

- Why is your birthday not being celebrated by you?

v) She is calling you.

- You are being called by her.

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        Present perfect tense

Affirmative

Av= sub+ has/have+ mv 3rd form+ obj

Pv= sub+ has/have+ been+ mv 3rd form+by+sub